Distillisg apparatus



(No. Mo-affj A AJ1 GALLEGOS.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

No. 591,340. Patented 00A. 5,1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 591,340, dated October5, 1897. Application filed April 20,1897. Serial No. 632.958. (Nomodel.)

r Be it known that I, JOS GALLEGOs,of Antigua,Guatemala, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Distilling Apparatus, of which'thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates vto distilling apparatus, and has for its object toprovide means whereby the pressure within the apparatus will be keptpractically constant, so as to prevent any excessive pressure that mightburst the apparatus.. Another object is to prevent the loss of vapors ofthe substance under distillation.

To this end my-invention consists of the novel construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying Y drawing, which is adiagrammatic elevation of a distilling apparatus constructed accordingto my invention.

A is the furnace, carrying the still B or a retort or other equivalent.C is the grate. From the still B a tube D leads to the coil E, arrangedwithin the cooler F. The lower end or outlet of the coil E is connectedto the receptacle G, in which the products of distillation are adaptedto collect. rlhe receptacle G communicates by a tube H with bellows I,whose bottom I' is stationary. The top I2 of the bellows is capable ofmoving up and down, and the bellows is couuterbalanced or partlycounterbalanced by means of a Weight K, attached to one end of aflexible connection, such as' a wire or chain L, the other end whereofis secured to the top I2 of the bellows I. Said flexible connectionpasses over a pulley M, which is journaled in stationary bearings.

The tube H is connected to a suction-tube N, which may be connecteddirectly to the interior of the bellows I, if desired.

Cocks or'valves O are'provided wherever they may be required ordesirable.

P is the outlet-cock for withdrawing the condensed products ofdistillation from the receptacle G. I

The suction-tube N is connected to the suction-port of an air-pump (notshown) or to any air-exhausting device.

, The operation of theapparatus is as follows: Thecocks O being allopenthe products of distillation pass through the tubes D and E,

the condensed substance collecting in the re- I ceptacle G. During thesuction stroke of the air-pump a partial vacuum is produced in theapparatus, and the atmospheric pressure causes the bellows I tocollapse. When, however, suction is discontinued, the pressure withinthe apparatus will cause the bellows to expand, thecounterbalancing-weight I( enabling the bellows to respond to evenslight variations of pressure.

The result is that the internal pressure will remain practicallyconstant, so that the strain on the parts of the apparatus will bealways the same and all danger of bursting will be obviated. Theexpansion-chamber formed by the bellows I thus constitutes a safetydevice. It is, however, materially'diierent from a safety-valve in thatit does not allow any of the vapors to escape, but as the said chamberis closed the loss of vapors is prevented.

It will be understood that only the condensation product collects in thereceptacle G, while substances that remain gaseous or solid arewithdrawn by the action of the air-pump or other exhauster.

" The wire or chain L, in eonj unction with the pulley M, also acts as aguide for obtaining a true vertical movement of the bellows.

While the apparatus is more sensitive and reliable *when provided with acounterweight, such as K, and a guide, such as such counterweight andguide are not absolutely indispensable.

Instead of the bellows I might employ a stationary cylinder, preferablyopen at its upper end and containing a piston which' might be connectedto the wire L in the same manner as shown for the top I2 of the bellows.This modiication is so simple that I have not deemed it necessary toillustrate it. It obviously is a functional equivalent of the bellows. Vy

My improved vapparatus is particularly intended for use in the HavingVthus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent- 1. The combination of the still, and theexpansion-chamber having a movable wall so that its volume can varyaccording to the pressure within the apparatus and the cooler orcondenser located between distillation of alcohol.

IOO

the still and the expansion-ehmnber, substantially as (leseribed. I

2. The Combination of ille still, the eonler or Condenser, theexpfuisien-eliznnbei' having a movable Wall so lflmiits Volume can Varyaccording to the pressure within the nppfna- I tus, and aeeuntei'bzllenee connected to seid l' movable wall, :is :unl for thepm'pose set forth. f I

3. The eombinzii'im". of lhe still, the cooler I or condenser, thebelllgm'e connected to said condenser, and having a statonznywnll, and la movable Wall opposing the .Stationary wall, l

l l l l l a flexible connection, one end whereof is secured to saidmovable wall, and n eonntei- Weight secured to the other end of saideonnec-tion, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the still, the cooler or Condenser, theexpensionfhamber connected to the eonileneei' incl having n mov ablewall, ai flexible eonnlgieiion, one end l l whereof.' is Secured to saidmovable will, :1nd

:L eonneiweigh, seemed to the other end of sanl connection and lendingto draw the nlovnble wall away from the Stationary part of theexpenion-ehz'nnber, substantially as described.

The fombinnion ol` the still, the Cooler o'i condenser, theexpmlsion-ehznnber couneetenl lo the L'on lense1':1ndhnvingzistaiionaryboi-loin and 1. movable top Wall, :L ilexible Conner Lion extendingupwardly from said movable i' y), :1 pulley o1' guide over 'which passessuini senneelion, und n eonnlerweight secured to the .free end of lheSziif'l connecl'lon and arranged to pull said movablew ll upward,substantially :1s deselibed.

JOSE (MLLEGos, XViLneisries: y I

SALVADOR .1". ALAULREZ, Jl, Huron (,A'l-:Allnnmis, Z.

